British Education - Part 2

This is a continuation of the 'British Education -  Part 1'. The information used is from the presentation that I did with 3A.
Esta es una continuación de la 'Educación Británica - Parte 1'. La información utilizada es de la presentación que hice con 3A.
Once high school is finished and college is completed, students can officially go out in the "real world".
Una vez que finaliza la escuela secundaria y se completa la universidad, los estudiantes pueden ir oficialmente al "mundo real".
* College is similar to Batxillerat and is not university.
* College es similar a Batxillerat y no es universidad.

After college, people can do many things: work, travel or study at university.
Después 'college', las personas pueden hacer muchas cosas: trabajar, viajar o estudiar en la universidad.

Apprenticeships are work placements where you can work and study at the same time. Individuals can also apply and get an internship in different sectors with different companies where they can experience work environments and learn different things.
Los aprendizajes son colocaciones de trabajo donde puedes trabajar y estudiar al mismo tiempo. Los individuos también pueden solicitar y obtener una pasantía en diferentes sectores con diferentes compañías donde pueden experimentar entornos de trabajo y aprender cosas diferentes.

The Open University
The Open University is a public distance learning and research university - which is also the biggest university in the UK for undergraduate education.
La Open University es una universidad pública de educación e investigación a distancia, que también es la universidad más grande en el Reino Unido para la educación 'undergraduate'.
In 2016, it reorganised its departments and now operates with the faculties of Arts and Social Science; The Open University Business School, The Open University Law School, STEM and Education & Language Studies.
En 2016, reorganizó sus departamentos y ahora opera con las facultades de Artes y Ciencias Sociales; La Open University Business School, la Open University Law School, STEM y Educación y Estudios de Idiomas.
The typical cost for UK-based students of a OU degree was between £3,780 and £5,130 in 2010.
El coste típico para los estudiantes del Reino Unido con un grado de OU fue entre £ 3,780 y £ 5,130 en 2010.

Travel
Is a popular option after studies. Many people go on a Gap Year. This describe a period of travelling - it doesn't have to be a year and you could have multiple gap years. Many people travel around Europe, Asia, and Australia.
Es una opción popular después de los estudios. Muchas personas van en un año sabático. Esto describe un período de viaje: no tiene que ser un año y podría tener varios años sin descanso. Muchas personas viajan por Europa, Asia y Australia.

Work
From obtaining GCSE's (at high school) and A-Levels/ BTECs (at college), individuals can now work. There are different types of jobs and employment contracts.
Desde la obtención de GCSE (en la escuela secundaria) y A-Levels / BTEC (en la universidad), los individuos ahora pueden trabajar. Hay diferentes tipos de trabajos y contratos de trabajo.
You can volunteer - with an NGO, a local charity or organization, in an office, at a school or in a library - the possibilities are endless.
Puede ser voluntario: con una ONG, una organización benéfica u organización local, en una oficina, en una escuela o en una biblioteca, las posibilidades son infinitas.
You can have a seasonal job where you work during the summer or winter. This is also known as a summer job. The opportunities range from waiting, office work, internships etc. You can also have a seasonal job abroad. For example, as I mentioned in the class, 2 years ago I worked in America at a summer camp whilst many people work in Canada during the winter months at ski resorts.
A part-time job is useful if you are studying as contracts are usually 16-20 hours a week whilst a full-time job is 40-60 hours a week.
Puedes tener un trabajo de temporada en el que trabajas durante el verano o el invierno. Esto también se conoce como un trabajo de verano. Las oportunidades van desde la espera, el trabajo de oficina, las pasantías, etc. También puede tener un trabajo de temporada en otros paises. Por ejemplo, como mencioné en la clase, hace 2 años, trabajé en Estados Unidos en un campo de verano, mientras que muchas personas trabajan en Canadá durante los meses de invierno en las estaciones de esquí.

Un trabajo de medio tiempo es útil si está estudiando, ya que los contratos suelen ser de 16 a 20 horas por semana, mientras que un trabajo de tiempo completo son de 40 a 60 horas por semana.
Un trabajo en el tiempo es útil si está estudiando, y los contratos suelen ser de 16 a 20 horas por semana, mientras que un trabajo de tiempo completo son de 40 a 60 horas por semana.

University
University is another popular option for students as many people don't know what they want to do in their future.
La universidad es otra opción popular para los estudiantes, ya que muchas personas no saben lo que quieren hacer en su futuro.
In the last year of college, students apply for university through an online application form on the UCAS website. In the form, you have to write a personal statement about yourself alongside your 5 preferred university choices. The form is submitted before Christmas and offers are made between January and June. However, the place is only official in August, once exam results are released.
Most university courses are 3 years with a few exceptions - medical degrees are 5= years whilst language degrees are 4 years as they include the year abroad.
En el último año de la universidad, los estudiantes solicitan la universidad a través de un formulario de solicitud en línea en el sitio web de UCAS. En el formulario, debe escribir una declaración personal sobre usted junto con sus 5 elecciones universitarias preferidas. El formulario se envía antes de Navidad y las ofertas se realizan entre enero y junio. Sin embargo, el lugar es oficial solo en agosto, una vez que se publiquen los resultados del examen.
La mayoría de los cursos universitarios son de 3 años con algunas excepciones: los títulos de medicina son de 5 = años, mientras que los de idiomas son de 4 años, ya que incluyen el año en el extranjero

University in England is not free. The tuition fee each year is £9000 whilst the maximum maintenance loan (used for resources, accommodation, and travel) can be £8250.
La universidad en Inglaterra no es gratuita. El costo de la matrícula cada año es de £ 9000, mientras que el préstamo de mantenimiento máximo (utilizado para recursos, alojamiento y viajes) puede ser de £ 8250.

Each year, students apply for Student Finance, where the government loans money to students throughout the studies. After they graduate, students pay the debt back in the space of 30 years.
The first university qualification is an undergraduate degree - there are 2 types: Bachelor of Science (BSc) and Bachelor of Arts (BA). For instance, I am studying an undergraduate Bachelor of Arts degree of Spanish with History, which is abbreviated to 'Spanish with History BA'.
Once students graduate their undergraduate course, they can continue their studies with a Masters degree (MA) and later a PhD.
Cada año, los estudiantes solicitan financiamiento estudiantil, donde el gobierno presta dinero a los estudiantes a lo largo de los estudios. Después de graduarse, los estudiantes pagan la deuda en el espacio de 30 años.
La primera titulación universitaria es una licenciatura: hay 2 tipos: Licenciatura en Ciencias (BSc) y Licenciatura en Artes (BA).
Por ejemplo, estoy estudiando una licenciatura de licenciatura en español con historia, que se abrevia a 'Español con historia BA'.
Una vez que los estudiantes gradúan su curso de pregrado, pueden continuar sus estudios con una maestría (MA) y luego un doctorado.

                                                   

After university, there is a graduation ceremony where students receive their degrees.
Después de la universidad, hay una ceremonia de graduación donde los estudiantes reciben sus títulos.

Education in the UK glossary

Word	Translation	Definition
A-Levels	Batxillerat	An abbreviation for Advanced Level - similar to Batxillerat. It can affect employment opportunities and university offers.
Apprenticeship	Aprendizaje	An apprenticeship is a training system with practical training and study.
B-TECS	Batxillerat	BTEC (Business and Technology Education Council) is a further education qualification in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. Subjects include: Art and Design, Construction, Hair and Beauty  and Travel and Tourism.
College	Colegio	A college is an educational institution. In the United States, "college" may refer to a university,  whereas in the United Kingdom,  college refers to an institution of further education.
Exams	Examenes	A test or examination (exam) is an assessment intended to measure a test-takers knowledge and skill.
Full time job	Trabajo de tiempo completo	Full-time employment is employment in which a person works a minimum number of hours defined as such by their employer. It often comes with benefits that are not offered to part-time, temporary, or flexible workers, such as annual leave, sick leave, and health insurance.
Gap Year	Año sabático	A year between leaving school and starting university that is usually spent travelling or working.
Graduate	Graduar	Graduate (noun) refers to someone who has been the subject of a graduation and someone who has completed the requirements of an academic degree. Graduate (verb) - to successfully complete an academic degree or academic institution.
Masters degree	Maestría	A master's degree is an academic degree awarded by universities upon completion of a course of study demonstrating a high-order overview of a specific field of study. It normally requires previous study at the bachelor's level, either as a separate degree or as part of an integrated course.
Mixed school	Escuela mixta	Mixed-sex education, also known as coeducation (abbreviated to co-ed or coed), is an education system where males and females are educated together.
Part time job	Trabajo de medio tiempo	A part-time contract carries fewer hours per week than a full-time job. People work in rotational shifts. Workers are considered to be part-time if they commonly work fewer than 30 hours per week.
PhD	Doctor en Filosofía	A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) is the highest university degree. They are awarded for programs across a variety of  academic fields.
Primary school	Escuela Primaria	A primary school is a school for children from five to eleven years old, in which they receive primary education.
Private school	Escuela privada	Private schools (independent schools)  are non-governmental, privately funded institutions which are not administered by local  or national governments.
Public school	Escuela	Public schools are primary and secondary schools offered to all children without charge, funded in whole or in part by taxation.
Seasonal job	Trabajo de temporada	Temporary work (also called odd jobs) refers to an employment situation where the working arrangement is limited to a certain period of time. Temporary employees are sometimes called "contractual", "seasonal", "casual staff" and  "freelance".
Secondary school	Escuela secondaria	A secondary school is both an institution that provides secondary education and the building where this takes place. It is also referred to as a high school. Attendance is compulsory in most countries for students between the ages of 11 and 16.
Single sex school	La escuela de un solo sexo	Single-sex education is the practice of conducting education with male and female students attending separate classes and often occurs in separate buildings or schools.
Study	Estudiar	To apply oneself to the acquisition of knowledge, through reading, investigation, or practice.
Timetable		Horario  A  class schedule or course of study.
Travel	Viajar	To go from one place to another(by walking, driving, flying in a plane etc.)
Undergraduate degree	Licenciatura	An undergraduate degree ( first degree, bachelor's degree or degree) is a colloquial term for an academic degree taken by a person who has completed undergraduate courses.  It typically takes at least three or four years to complete.
Uniform	Uniforme	A uniform is a type of clothing worn by members of an organization. In the United Kingdom, many pupils (between 4-16) wear a formal jacket, tie and trousers for boys and blouse, tie and trousers and skirts for girls. The ties will have a set pattern or a logo embroidered for the school, and jackets will usually carry a badge on the breast pocket with the school's name and logo.
University	Universidad	A university is an institution of higher education and research which awards academic degrees in various disciplines. They typically provide undergraduate education and postgraduate education.
Volunteering	Voluntariado	Volunteering is considered an altruistic activity where an individual or group provides services for no financial or social gain.
Work	Trabajar	To do work and to be employed as a means of earning one's livelihood.